78th Kürschák Competition 1978

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1.  a and b are rationals. Show that if ax2 + by2 = 1 has a rational solution (in x and y), then it must have infinitely many.
2.  The vertices of a convex n-gon are colored so that adjacent vertices have different colors. Prove that if n is odd, then the polygon can be divided into triangles with non-intersecting diagonals such that no diagonal has its endpoints the same color.
3.  A triangle has inradius r and circumradius R. Its longest altitude has length H. Show that if the triangle does not have an obtuse angle, then H ≥ r + R. When does equality hold?

The original problems are in Hungarian. Many thanks to Péter Dombi for the translation.

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(C) John Scholes
jscholes@kalva.demon.co.uk
19 Apr 2003
Last corrected/updated 19 Apr 2003